After the prohibition of radioactive lightning rods, they were replaced by E.S.E. (active) lightning rods. E.S.E. (active) lightning rods come in two types; electrostatic lightning rods and piezoelectric crystal lightning rods.
Protection is enabled by means of an active lightning rod, the tip of which is refined and sharpened in both lightning rod systems, and lightning rods are placed on the highest spot of the construction to be protected.
Lightning rods are connected with the ground along the shortest route. The protection area they provide varies depending on the location of the installation and height of such location compared to the surrounding constructions. The electro-geometrical model method based on warning distance enables the safe calculation of protection level.
Active lightning rods suitable for ion devices also follow the same rules, however warning distance is further improved (about 1.5-3 times), because arc delay is reduced. Their advantage is the increase in efficiency, especially in the case of low-density lightning strikes, and a decrease in the lengths of lightning rods for some situations with very hard applicability.
